Child Trafficking In India
Source : Indian Express
GS III : Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of organized crime with terrorism

What is discussed under child trafficking upsc perspective?

1. Constitutional & legislative provisions related to Trafficking in India
2. India implemented International Conventions on Trafficking

Why in News ?

Child Trafficking In India sharp surge in Lockdown. The economic distress began to sink in, a more sinister movement of children gathered pace of those being taken away from their homes for illegal labour, trafficking and forced marriages.

Key Facts

• Between March and August the national childline for distress calls set up by the Ministry for Women and Child Development, tracked 1.92 lakh interventions on the ground.
  • During the same period last year, the number was 1.70 lakh.
• Between April and August, officials tracked over 10,000 cases of child marriage.
• Once trafficked, the victims fall prey to many forms of unfair treatment such as forced prostitution, forced labour, forced begging, forced marriages, etc
• The interventions include at least 32,700 cases of trafficking, child marriage, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, begging and cyber crime.

Constitutional & legislative provisions related to Trafficking in India

• Trafficking in Human Beings or Persons is prohibited under the Constitution of India under Article 23 (1).

  

• The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 : legislation for prevention of trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation.
• Criminal Law (amendment) Act 2013 : has come into force wherein Section 370 of the Indian Penal Code has been substituted with Section 370 and 370A IPC which provide for comprehensive measures to counter the menace of human trafficking including trafficking of children for exploitation in any form.
• Protection of Children from Sexual offences (POCSO) Act, 2012 : which has come into effect from 14th November, 2012 is a special law to protect children from sexual abuse and exploitation with precise definition of abuse.
• Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 : To prohibit the engagement of children in certain employments and to regulate the conditions of work of children in certain other employments.
• Sections 372 and 373 : Dealing with selling and buying of girls for the purpose of prostitution.
• Anti Trafficking Cell (ATC) : Anti-Trafficking Nodal Cell was set up in the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) (CS Division in 2006

India implemented International Conventions on Trafficking

• UN Convention : India has ratified the United Nations Convention on Transnational Organised Crime (UNCTOC) which has as one of its Protocols Prevention, Suppression and Punishment of Trafficking in Persons, particularly Women and Children.
• SAARC Convention : India has ratified the SAARC Convention on Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Women and Children for Prostitution.

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