Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023
Source : The Hindu
GS III : Economy
Overview
- About Global Multidimensional Poverty Index
- Findings in the report
- India in the report
- How India fight against Poverty(Schemes)?
Why in News ?
Recently, the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2023 has been released.
About Global Multidimensional Poverty Index
- Since 2010, it has been produced jointly by the
- Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) of the University of Oxford
Source: OPHI - Human Development Report Office (HDRO) of the United Nations Development Programme.
- Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) of the University of Oxford
- In order to enlighten and speed up efforts to eradicate poverty in all of its manifestations, it describes how pervasive poverty is across the world.
- It offers insights into the lives of the poor, their plight, and how severe their poverty is.
- It gathers information from 110 developing nations representing 6.1 billion people, or 92 percent of the world’s population.
- It provides a critical viewpoint on SDG 1, which is to defeat the biggest global challenge: eradicating poverty in all of its manifestations.
- It has been published annually by OPHI and in the HDRs ever since.
- MDI enables comparisons between nations and world regions as well as between nations by ethnicity, urban/rural location, subnational region, age group, and other crucial family and community traits.
Findings in the report
- 485 million poor people live in severe poverty across 110 countries
- Experiencing 50–100% of weighted deprivations.
- Over 18% people are estimated to live in acute multidimensional poverty.
- 99 million poor people experience deprivations in all three dimensions (70–100% of weighted deprivations).
- 10 million of the 12 million poor people with the highest deprivation scores (90–100%) live in SubSaharan Africa.
- Children
- Half of the 1.1 billion poor people (566 million) are children under 18 years of age.
- Region
- 84% of all poor people live in rural areas.
- Rural areas are poorer than urban areas in every world region.
Why they are poor?
- Undernourishment
- People do not have adequate sanitation, housing or cooking fuel.
- It constitute 824–991 million out of the 1.1 billion poor people
- Education
- Around half of poor people do not have a single member of their household except Europe and Central Asia
- It is below six years of schooling
India in the report
- Within 15 years, 25 nations, including India, effectively cut their worldwide MPI values in half, demonstrating that quick advancement is possible.
- Incidence fell from 55.1 percent to 16.4 percent.
- The poorest nations and populations including kids and members of oppressed castes made the greatest absolute gains.
- India’s child mortality fell from 4.5% to 1.5%.
- Depriviation of cooking fuel fell from 52.9% to 13.9%.
- Electricity from 29 to 2.1 and housing from 44.9 to 13.6.
- Nutrition indicator declined from 44.3% in 2005-06 to 11.8% in 2019-21
How India fight against Poverty(Schemes)?
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)
- Deen Dayal Upadhyay – Gramin Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY)
- Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)
- Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G)
- Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (WDC-PMKSY
- Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan
- Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
Daily Current Affairs : Click Here