Global Tuberculosis Report 2023
Source: PIB
GS II: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate
Overview
- Details of the Report
- India’s Initiative Against TB
- About Tuberculosis (TB)
Why in the News?
The World Health Organization (WHO) released earlier the Global TB Report 2023 reporting the status of Tuberculosis around the world, including India.
Details of the Report
World in the report
- Still, TB is the second leading cause of death after COVID.
- Global TB incidence is declining which is 8.7% as compared to the previous year.
- 60% of Global TB is contributed by India, Indonesia and the Philippines at 60%.
- 55% of TB cases were reported in men and 33% were in women.
WHO’s target was to reduce TB-related deaths from 2015 to 2025 by 75%, which may be missed.
India in the report
- Reduction of TB incidence by 16% from 2015 to 2022.
- Mortality has reduced by 18% during the same period in India, and globally.
- India contributes 27% of all TB cases across the globe.
- TB treatment has improved to 80% showing an increase of 19% as compared to the previous year.
India’s Initiative Against TB
- Introduction of Ayushman Bharath and Wellness Centres
- Development of diagnostic Centres across the lower level
- TB Preventive Treatment (TPT) across India and introducing a family-focused care approach for tuberculosis patients
- Ni-kshay Mitra: Campaign of TB-free India
- Fund Transfer: Rs 2,000 crore has been sent directly to the bank accounts of tuberculosis patients and about 75 lakh patients have benefited from it.
- Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyan: It has been envisioned to bring together all community stakeholders to support those on TB treatment and accelerate the country’s progress towards TB elimination.
About Tuberculosis (TB)
- Tuberculosis is a potentially serious infectious bacterial disease that mainly affects the lungs.
- How it Spread?
- The bacteria that cause TB are spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
Symptoms
Most people infected with the bacteria that cause tuberculosis don’t have symptoms.
- When symptoms occur, they usually include
- Cough
- Weight loss
- Night sweats
- Fever.
Treatment
- Treatment isn’t always required for those without symptoms.
- Patients with active symptoms will require a long course of treatment involving multiple antibiotics.
- TB is a major public health challenge in the South-East Asia (SEA) Region of WHO.
- Over 43% of the global TB incidence and half the TB-associated mortality is from the SEA Region.
- Six of 11 countries in the Region are on the high TB burden country list.
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