Daily Current Affairs 06 June 2026 – IAS Current Affairs

Current Affairs 06 June 2026 focuses on the Prelims-Mains perspective. Major events are :

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India’s Green Transformation: 12-Year Overview

Source: PIB
GS III: Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment.

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Overview

1. News in Brief
2. India’s Sustainable Environmental Transformation
3. Key Achievements

Why in the News?

The Press Information Bureau highlighted India’s 12 years of Environmental Progress and Sustainable Development.

News in Brief

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• Over the past 12 years, India has pursued a sustainable environmental transformation.
• It was guided by the principles of ‘Vishwaas (Trust and Governance), Nirman (Infrastructure and Nation Building), and Jan Kalyaan (Public Welfare)’.
• India recognised that ecological security is crucial for economic growth, public welfare, and long-term national resilience.

Three Pillars of India’s Sustainable Environmental Transformation

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• Pillar 1 – Increasing ecological capability and biodiversity for resilient India.
• Pillar 2 – Expanding national capacity for sustainable transformation.
• Pillar 3 – Strengthening global credibility through leadership and diplomacy.

Key Achievements

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Reviving Forest Landscapes

• Green India Mission (GIM) – launched in FY 2015-16.
  • To strengthen ecological resilience and climate action.
  • To improve forest quality and enhance carbon sequestration
  • According to the India State of Forest Report (ISFR), India’s forest and tree cover reached 8.27 lakh sq.km, covering 25.17% of the geographical area.
  • Forests store 30.43 billion tons of carbon stock – India’s most significant natural assets for climate mitigation and ecological security.
• Other Initiatives include;
  • CAMPA  (Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Fund Authority) – funded over 3.2 lakh hectares of compensatory afforestation.
  • Nagar Van Yojana – Rupees 557.62 crore released for 626 urban forests.
  • Aravalli Green Wall Initiative – aims to restore 6.31 million hectares of degraded landscapes.
• Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam – Launched in 2024.
  • Over 262.4 crore saplings planted by December 2025.
  • Plantation activities tracked through the Meri LiFE portal.

Restoring River Ecosystems

• Namami Gange Programme – launched in 2014, a flagship river rejuvenation mission.
  • 524 projects worth rupees 43,030 crore sanctioned.
  • 355 projects were completed.
  • 218 sewage infrastructure projects undertaken.
  • Industrial pollution reduced significantly.
• Project Dolphin -launched in 2020.
  • First-ever nationwide dolphin population assessment completed.
  • Supports conservation of Gangetic, Indus, and Irrawaddy dolphins.

Wetland Conservation 

• National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems (NPCA)
  • Promotes conservation and restoration of wetlands.
  • Expanded from 148 wetlands (2018) to 165 wetlands (2023).
• Ramsar Sites
  • Increased from 26 sites in 2014 to 100 sites by June 2026.

Mangrove Ecosystem Conservation

• MISHTI scheme – Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes.
  • Promotes mangrove restoration.
  • Mangrove cover increased from 4,628 sq km (2013) to 4,992 sq km (2023).

Conservation of the Maritime Frontier

• Include beaches, estuaries, sand dunes, coral ecosystems, and coastal waters.
• National Coastal Mission plays a key role in coastal area protection.
  • Focus on sustainable coastal management.
  • Cleanliness, environmental management, safety standards, and sustainable tourism.
• Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ)
  • Ecologically sensitive areas near the coastal belt will be protected.
  • Safeguard coastal communities that depend on the coastal region for their livelihood

Integrated Wildlife Conservation for Endangered Species

• Project Cheetah
  • The World’s First Intercontinental Translocation of a large wild carnivore.
  • 29 Cheetahs were brought from Namibia, South Africa, and Botswana.
  • India’s Cheetah population reached 53.
• Rhino Conservation
  • Increased from around 1,500 in the 1980s to over 4,000 by 2024.
• Project Tiger
  • Increased from 2,226 in 2014 to 3,682 in 2022.

Circular Economy and Waste Management

• Promotes reuse, repair, recycle, and resource recovery.
• Dumpsite Remediation Accelerator Programme
  • 877 lakh metric tons of waste processed.
  • 7,646 acres of land reclaimed.
• Recycling Ecosystem
  • Recycling of wastes includes: plastic waste, tyre waste, battery waste and e-waste.

Environmental Education and Green Skill Development

• Environmental Education, Awareness and Training (EEAT)
  • Facilitated over 1 lakh eco-clubs.
  • Implemented across 21 states and 1 Union Territory.
  • Around 5.5 lakh students engaged in environmental activities.
• Green Credit Programme (2023)
  • It incentivises voluntary environmental action.
  • 4,391 hectares of degraded forest land were identified for restoration across 12 states.

Organizations

• Continues to implement its commitments under the Paris Agreement.
• Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) to strengthen climate- resilient infrastructure.
• Supports biodiversity conservation efforts under the Convention on Biological Diversity ( CBD).
• Led global mass movement Mission LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment), encouraging sustainable lifestyles.
• Collaborates with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and other international institutions on environmental sustainability initiatives.

Solid Waste Management

• Solid waste processing capacity surged from 17 per cent in 2014 to over 77 per cent by 2024.
• Achieved Through
  • Material Recovery Facilities
  • Bio-methanation plants
  • Waste-to-energy units
• Urban region today processes 1,29,206 TPD out of 1,59,109 TPD
• Solid Waste Management Rules, 2026 mandate four-stream source segregation: wet, dry, sanitary, and special care waste.

Environmental Education, Awareness and Training (EEAT) Scheme

• Implemented across 21 States and 1 Union Territory
• The scheme facilitated over 1 lakh eco-clubs and engaged around 5.5 lakh students through environmental campaigns and awareness activities.
• Promotes environmental literacy, sustainable practices, and green workforce development.

Green Credit Programme (GCP)

• GCP, launched through the Green Credit Rules, 2023.
• The programme incentivises voluntary environmental actions by individuals, communities, and businesses.
• Seeks to
  • Increase green cover
  • Enhance carbon sequestration
  • Restore degraded landscapes
  • Reduce environmental footprints
• 4,391 hectares of degraded forest land across 12 States had been identified for eco-restoration under the programme till March 2026.

Nationally Determined Contribution

• Climate action commitments submitted by countries under the Paris Agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
• What is the focus of the program?
  • Aims Clean Energy
  • Emissions intensity reduction
  • Non-fossil energy capacity
  • Carbon sink creation
  • protecting natural ecosystems
• Reducing emissions intensity by 33–35 per cent from 2005 levels, eleven years ahead of schedule.
• The target of achieving 40 per cent non-fossil electricity capacity by 2030 was met nine years early.

International Solar Alliance (ISA), 2015

• International Solar Alliance (ISA), jointly by India and France at the COP21 climate summit in Paris.
• An intergovernmental organisation to harness solar energy among solar-resource-rich countries
• Alliance has 112 member countries.
• Strengthened India’s image as a champion of inclusive, climate-resilient growth
• Working model
  • Focus on coordinated research
  • Affordable financing
  • Large-scale deployment of solar technologies.

India’s Green Transformation: 12-Year Overview: Conclusion

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• Over the past decade, India has witnessed a significant green transformation, transitioning from a climate policy follower to an agenda setter in global efforts towards climate mitigation, clean energy adoption, and environmental conservation.
• India’s green transformation is ultimately a story of Vishwaas, Nirman, and Jan Kalyaan.
• With large-scale conservation, stronger institutions, technological innovation, and global leadership, India has built a robust foundation for long-term environmental security and sustainable growth.

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Climate-Change Through Biomanufacturing

Source: PIB
GS III: Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, Robotics, Nano-technology, Bio-technology and issues relating to Intellectual Property Rights.

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Overview

1. News in Brief
2. Key Highlights

Why in the News?

In observance of World Environment Day 2026, the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), organised a webinar on “Adapt Biomanufacturing To Address Climate Change”.

News in Brief

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• The event focused on Department of Biotechnology (DBT) driven initiatives that are contributing to biomanufacturing, biodiversity conservation, climate-resilient solutions, and sustainable development.
• Showcased how biotechnology can support India’s environmental and climate goals through innovative bio-based solutions.
• The webinar aligned with the global theme “Climate Action #NowForClimate”.

Key Highlights

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BioE3 Policy

• The policy promotes high-performance biomanufacturing for
  • Sustainable fuels
  • Bio-based chemicals
  • Biomaterials
  • Climate-resilient agricultural products
• To strengthen the bio economy and support climate-resilient growth.

Scaling Biotechnology Innovations

• Emphasised the importance of scaling innovations through
  • Biofoundries – Automated facilities that rapidly design, test, and scale biological products using advanced biotechnology tools.
  • Biomanufacturing Hubs – Specialised centres that support large-scale production and commercialisation of bio-based products and technologies.
  • Industrial – Academia Partnerships- collaborations between research institutions and industries to bridge research and industrial deployment and to accelerate the adoption of bio-based technologies.

Himalayan Ecosystem Conservation

• Community-led environmental stewardship – Local communities should be the key partners in protecting and managing natural resources.
• Climate-resilient development – Development strategies should adapt to climate change and reduce vulnerability.
• Sustainable resource management- To safeguard ecological services.
• Footprint assessment of biotechnologies – Evaluating the environmental impacts of biotechnology-based products, processes, and solutions to ensure they are sustainable and environmentally beneficial.
• Integrated approaches for conservation- biodiversity conservation, ecosystem restoration, and climate adaptation should be pursued together.
• Safeguarding ecological services.
• Building resilient communities – strengthen the ability of people to withstand, adapt, and recover from environmental and climatic challenges.

Innovative Biotechnology-Based Solutions 

• Showcased several biotechnology-based solutions for addressing climate change and environmental sustainability. This includes;

  

  • Carbon capture and conversion of carbon into livelihood opportunities.
  • Sustainable biomanufacturing approaches using microbial platforms.
  • Restoration of mangrove biodiversity in the Sundarbans through indigenous plant growth (promoting rhizobacteria).
  • Development of sustainable aviation fuels and green transportation fuels from bio-renewable resources.
  • Application of microbiome science for sustainability and bioeconomy development.
  • Monitoring ecosystems and the impacts of invasive species on ecologically sensitive wetlands.
  • Research on seedling traits and drought response in forests.
• These innovation-driven solutions support India’s transition towards a green and climate-resilient economy.

Industry contributions

• Demonstration of biotechnology-based climate-focused solutions.
  • Algae-based biomanufacturing systems – convert carbon emissions into livelihoods, reduce dependence on synthetic nitrogen fertilisers, and transform CO2 generated from biomethanation into value-added products.

Mission LiFE

• Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change highlighted Mission LiFE (Lifestyle For Environment).
• Emphasised shift from environmental awareness to concrete action.
• Highlighted the importance of collective participation in conserving natural resources and advancing environmental sustainability.

World Environment Day 2026

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• World Environment Day 2026 focuses on climate change
• Official Theme: “Inspired by Nature. For Climate. For Our Future”
• Initiative by: UNEP
• Azerbaijan will host the global observance.
• World Environment Day is celebrated annually on June 5th.

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Maulana Barkatullah

Source: Indian Express
GS I: Modern Indian History from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present – significant events, personalities, issues.

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Overview

1. News in Brief
2. Maulana Barkatullah – His Early Life
3. Role In India’s Freedom Struggle

Why in the News?

The executive council of Bhopal’s Barkatullah University passed a proposal to change its name to Vagdevi Bhojpal University.

News in Brief

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• The proposed renaming of Barkatullah University in Bhopal has revived a wider discussion about the legacy of Barkatullah.
• Maulana Mohamed Barkatullah Bhopali , one of India’s most prominent revolutionary freedom fighters.
• Historians have highlighted that instead of changing the university’s name more should be done to popularize the legacy of Barkatullah.

Maulana Barkatullah- His Early Life

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• Believed to have been born on July 7, 1854, in Bhopal.
• A meritorious student, studied in Bombay and then London.
• He started teaching in Liverpool and there he came into contact with Indian revolutionaries.
• In 1899, he moved to US.
• Here he maintained contact with the freedom fighter Maulana Hasrat Mohani.
  • Maulana Hasrat Mohani, coined the slogan ‘Inquilab Zindabad’ which translates to ‘Long Live The Revolution’.
  • Later it was popularized by the revolutionary Bhagat Singh during 1920s.

Role In India’s Freedom Struggle

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His Belief and Ideas

• Maulana Mohamed Barkatullah Bhopali was a revolutionary nationalist, journalist, and anti-colonial activist.
• He devoted his life to attain India’s Independence from British rule.
• Through speeches, and publications, he became one of the most prominent internationally connected figures of the freedom movement and mobilized support against British Imperialism.
• Barkatullah firmly believed that the British could be driven out of India only if Hindus and Muslims fought shoulder to shoulder and resisted ‘Divide-and-Rule’ policy.

Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of India

• Barkatullah, Raja Mahendra Pratap (a Hindu) and Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi (a great Islamic thinker), formed a Provisional Government of India in Kabul in December 1, 1915 (during World War I).
• It was a part of efforts to secure India’s Independence from British rule.
• In this provisional government in exile, Raja Mahendra Pratap served as President and Maulana Barkatullah served as Prime Minister and Ubaidullah Sindhi served as Home Minister.
• This highlighted the vision of India where people of different faiths fought for a common goal.

His Association with Ghadar Party

• Barkatullah worked prominently for the Ghadar Movement.
• He edited publications associated with Ghadar Party.
• He travelled to California for Ghadar Party Event, where he breathed his last.

Conclusion

• Unlike many freedom fighters who worked from inside India, Barkatullah spent most of his life in exile and mobilised his support.
• He connected with the anti-colonial movement around the world until is last breath and became one of the most prominent Indian revolutionaries of his time.

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