Daily Current Affairs 30 June 2023 – IAS Current Affairs
Current Affairs 30 June 2023 focuses on Prelims-Mains perspective. Major events are :
Renouncement of Indian Citizenship
Source : Indian Express
GS II : Indian Polity
Overview
- Key Facts
- Citizenship
- Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019
Why in News ?
Between 2011 and 2022, close to 70,000 Indians surrendered their passports at regional passport offices (RPOs) across the country.
Key Facts
- In response to an RTI, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) provides information.
- Over 90% of the documents turned in were from eight states: Goa, Punjab, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, and Chandigarh.
- The RPO in Goa received up to 40.45% of the 69,303 passports that were turned in during this time, followed by Punjab.
- With the exception of 2012 and 2013, when Gujarat had the highest numbers, Goa has regularly led the list of states with the most passports turned in.
- Data from the MEA presented in the Lok Sabha shows that since 2011, an average of 11,422 Indians have renounced their nationality each month.
- More than 16 lakh Indians have renounced their nationality since 2011.
- According to the MEA data presented in the LokSabha shows that on an average 11,422 Indians renounced Indian Citizenship every month since 2011.
Citizenship
Acquisition of Indian Citizenship
- The Citizenship Act of 1955 prescribes five ways of acquiring citizenship:
- Citizenship conferred by birth
- Citizenship through descent
- Citizenship through registration
- Naturalization leads to citizenship.
- Territorial incorporation (by the Government of India)
- Under The Indian Citizenship Act, 1955, Persons of Indian Origin are not allowed dual citizenship. If a person has ever held an Indian passport and has obtained the passport of another country, they are required to immediately surrender their Indian passport.
Persons of Indian Origin are not permitted to hold dual citizenship under The Indian Citizenship Act of 1955. A person must immediately return their Indian passport if they have previously held one and have afterwards got a passport from another nation.
Renunciation, Termination and Deprivation of Citizenship
- Renunciation: Anyone who renounces his Indian citizenship in the authorised manner through a statement and is also a citizen of another nation no longer qualifies as an Indian citizen.
- Termination: If an Indian citizen knowingly or willingly acquires the citizenship of another country, their citizenship may be withdrawn.
- Deprivation: The Indian government has the power to strip someone of their citizenship in certain circumstances. This does not, however, apply to all citizens. Deprivation criteria include:
obtained citizenship by deception. - Indian citizens have exhibited a lack of allegiance to the constitution.
- During times of conflict, citizens have traded and communicated illegally.
- The aforementioned citizen is sentenced to two years in jail within five years after naturalisation.
Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019
- The Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 seeks to amend the Citizenship Act, 1955.
- The Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 seeks to grant citizenship to a class of migrants belonging to Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi or Christian communities from Afghanistan, Bangladesh or Pakistan who entered India prior to 2015.
- In order to get this benefit, they must have also been exempted from the Foreigners Act, 1946 and the Passport (Entry into India) Act, 1920 by the central government.
- To obtain citizenship by naturalisation person must have resided in India or have been in the service of the central government for at least 11 years before applying for citizenship.
- For the above said groups of persons, the 11 years’ requirement will be reduced to five years.
Just Energy Transition Partnership (JET-P)
Source : DTE
GS II : International Relation; GS III : Environment
Overview
- About Just Energy Transition Partnership (JET-P)
- How it helps
Why in News ?
Senegal has become the fourth country after South Africa, Indonesia and Vietnam to sign the JET-P deal, with the International Partners Group comprising France, Germany, the European Union, the United Kingdom and Canada.
About Just Energy Transition Partnership (JET-P)
- It is a system for international finance by wealthier nations to assist developing nations with an energy transition.
- It seeks to quicken the phase-out of coal and lower emissions in the energy industry.
- Transition refers to the progressive shift towards lower-carbon technology, but “Just” specifies that this shift won’t have a detrimental impact on society, employment, or way of life.
- The United Kingdom (UK), the United States (US), France, Germany, and the European Union (EU) all supported its debut at the COP26 in Glasgow.
- Senegal has joined the International Partners Group, which consists of France, Germany, the European Union, the United Kingdom, and Canada, as the fourth nation to sign the JET-P agreement after South Africa, Indonesia, and Vietnam.
Senegal
- Senegal officially the Republic of Senegal, named after the Senegal River.
- It is a country in West Africa
- On West the Atlantic Ocean coastline.
- Senegal is bordered by
- Mauritania to the north
- Mali to the east
- Guinea to the southeast
- Guinea-Bissau to the southwest.
- Senegal nearly surrounds the Gambia
- Senegal also shares a maritime border with Cape Verde.
- Senegal’s economic and political capital is Dakar.
- The largest export markets as of 2020 are Mali (20.4%), Switzerland (12.2%), and India (8.3%).
- the Government of India provided a line of credit worth $2 billion to a group of 9 West African nations, including Senegal, called Team-9.
- India provides scholarships for training Senegalese personnel under its Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme.
- The two countries entered into a Bilateral Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement in 2005 and a Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement in 2007.
Paris Global Climate Financing Summit
Source : Down To Earth
GS II : Down To Earth
Overview
- What is Climate Financing?
- About the summit
Why in News ?
With the aim of addressing the underfunding of poor nations, the Summit for a New Global Financing Pact was recently convened in Paris.
What is Climate Financing?
- Money that is local, national, or international that is derived from public, private, and alternative sources of funding in an effort to
Image by Sergio Cerrato – Italia from Pixabay promote climate change adaptation and mitigation measures.
- Agreement: The parties to the Convention, Kyoto Protocol, and Paris Agreement are required to provide financial support to people who are less wealthy and more vulnerable.
- In UNFCCC COP26, new financial pledges to support developing countries in achieving the global goal for adapting to the effects of climate change were made.
- Need: Climate finance is needed for mitigation, because large-scale investments are required to significantly reduce emissions.
- Climate finance is equally important for adaptation, as significant financial resources are needed to adapt to the adverse effects and reduce the impacts of a changing climate.
- Long-term financing process: Further the mobilisation and scaling up of climate finance resources emanating from a wide range of sources, including alternative sources that are public and private, bilateral and international.
Initiatives taken in India
- National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC): It was established in 2015 to meet the cost of adaptation to climate change for the State and Union Territories of India that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.
- National Adaptation Fund: It aims to bridging the gap between the need and the available funds.
- Established in 2014
- Under the Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change (MoEF&CC).
- National Clean Energy Fund: It was created through the Finance Bill 2010-11 by the recommendation of Cabinet Committee of Economic Affairs (CCEA).
- To promote clean energy and funded through an initial carbon tax on the use of coal by industries.
- Major focus on research in clean energy technology
About the Paris Global Climate Financing Summit
- Special Drawing Rights: 100 billion SDR target for vulnerable nations has been reached.
- A new Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETP) deal worth 2.5 billion Euros was announced for Senegal, aimed at increasing the share of renewable energy in the country’s electricity mix.
- Polluter taxes: Momentum on polluter taxes accelerated at the Summit, groups supporting a tax on shipping emissions.
- Debt: It was announced that Zambia reached a $6.3 billion debt restructuring deal in debt owed to other governments including China.
- Climate finance goal: It was suggested that the long overdue $100 billion climate finance goal will be delivered this year.
- The EU called for increased coverage of global emissions by Carbon Pricing Mechanisms and allocating a portion of revenues to climate finance.
Assam’s Delimitation Draft
Source : Hindustan Times
GS II : Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate
Overview
- What is delimitation and its procedure?
- Delimitation Proposal for Assam
Why in News ?
Recently, the Election Commission (EC) released a draft proposal on the delimitation of the Assembly and Lok Sabha constituencies in Assam.
What is delimitation and its procedure?
- Delimitation: In order to guarantee that each seat has about equal numbers of voters, the Lok Sabha and State Assembly seats are redrawn through the delimitation process in light of a recent Census.
- An impartial Delimitation Commission established in accordance with the Delimitation Commission Act should do it on an annual basis following a Census.
- Goal: Its goal is to ensure that no political party has an advantage by offering equal representation for equal demographic groupings.
- Procedure: Section 8 A of the R. P. Act of 1950 read with Sections 9(1)(c) and (d) of the Delimitation Act of 2002 (33 of 2002), as well as Articles 82, 170, 330, and 332 of the COI, all set down the procedure for the delimitation process.
Delimitation Proposal for Assam
- Articles: According to Articles 170 and 82 of the Constitution, all Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies in the State must be
drawn on the basis of the 2001 Census. - Thus, only the 2001 census data issued by the Census Commissioner has been taken into account for this.
- The last delimitation exercise in Assam took place nearly five decades ago in 1976.
- Seats: In the State of Assam, 126 and 14 seats in the Legislative Assembly and House of People, respectively, have been preserved.
- Reservation: ST assembly seats increased from 16 to 19; SC assembly seats increased from 8 to 9.
What is the issue?
- Since the EC revealed the draft plan, there have been protest all throughout Assam.
- Ethnic groups: Groups like the Ahoms are upset because there are fewer Assembly seats in eastern Assam and more in western Assam.
- To guarantee that Muslims have a smaller presence in the Assembly and Parliament, several constituencies have been redesigned to disperse Muslim votes.
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