India Japan Relation

Source: PIB
GS II: International Relations

Overview

1. News in Brief
2. Importance of Recent Security Cooperation
3. Need for Partnership

Why in the News?

India-Japan Special Strategic and Global Partnership, anchored in our shared values and mutual respect.

News in Brief

• Cooperation in the field of economic security is a key pillar of our bilateral cooperation emanating from a growing convergence in our strategic outlook and economic imperatives. 
• As two vibrant democracies and free market economies, India and Japan are committed to accelerating their partnership in critical and emerging sectors based upon our political trust, economic dynamism and natural complementarity.

Importance of Recent Security Cooperation

Economic Relation

• India and Japan shared policy perspectives on foreign policy and security challenges emanating from certain economic inter-linkages.
• India-Japan Private-Sector Dialogue on Economic Security between Keidanren (Japan Business Federation) and the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII).
• Both expressed their expectation of close public-private cooperation to advance concrete actions in strategic sectors.
• Following the Joint Action Plan on India-Japan Economic and Security Cooperation proposed by Japan External Trade Organisation (JETRO), CII and Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry in India (JCCII).
• Japan and India continue to strengthen their collaboration on economic security and collective resilience through the Quad.

Semiconductors

• India and Japan held meetings under the India-Japan Semiconductor Policy Dialogue, which brought together government organizations, companies and educational institutions.
• Establishment of a semiconductor OSAT in Sanand, Gujarat by Japanese semiconductor firm Renesas Electronics with CG Power.
• enhance industry-academia collaboration and enable local startups to drive technological advancement and promote local manufacturing.
• Tokyo Electron and TATA Electronics launched a strategic partnership to establish a semiconductor ecosystem in India.

Critical Minerals

• Ministry of Mines of India and METI of Japan signed a Memorandum of Cooperation in the field of Mineral Resources in August 2025.
• India and Japan deepened their collaboration through the Toyota Tsusho’s rare earth refining project in Andhra Pradesh which aims to establish a stable supply chain for rare earth materials.

Information and Communication Technology

• Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication (MIC) supported the Open RAN pilot project in India and resolved to further deepen their collaboration in this sector.
• Ministry of Communications of India and MIC of Japan held the 7th India-Japan ICT Joint Working Group meeting in May 2022 under the India-Japan ICT Cooperation Framework, which aims to foster collaboration in emerging technologies.

Clean Energy

• Signing of the Memorandum of Cooperation on the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM).
• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy of India and METI issued a Joint Declaration of Intent on Clean Hydrogen and Ammonia.
• India and Japan will continue their cooperation in biofuels including through international frameworks such as the Global Biofuels Alliance.
• promoting battery supply chain cooperation, including the business matchmaking and roundtable organized in India.

Scientific Cooperation

• India and Japan are deepening their S&T engagement this year celebrating it as the Year of Science, Technology and Innovation Exchanges.
• Discussions on the full range of scientific cooperation particularly in new and emerging technologies such as AI, quantum technologies, biotechnology, climate change technology and space.
• India and Japan launched the India-Japan AI Cooperation Initiative that will promote strategic collaboration in AI through joint research, promotion of initiatives between universities and companies.

Pharmaceuticals

• Sign an MoC on cooperation in health and medical research under Japan’s Strategic International Collaborative Research Program.
• India and Japan will continue to collaborate on efforts to build a resilient supply chain through the Biopharmaceutical Alliance among like-minded countries.
• JBIC is providing loans for investment projects by Japanese companies in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries for small and medium-sized enterprises.

Need for Partnership

• Japan and India, recognising their shared interest in safeguarding critical economic interests in the backdrop of evolving global challenges, commit to advancing cooperation in the field of economic security.
• Anchored in their shared vision for a rules-based economic order in the Indo-Pacific and beyond, both countries will continue to deepen their collaboration across government, industry, and academia to build resilience in strategic sectors, enhance security of technology and infrastructure, and promote trusted and transparent frameworks.

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