All India Survey on Higher Education 2019-20
Source : PIB
GS II : Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources

Why in News ?

Announced the release of the report of All India Survey on Higher Education 2019-20.

• This Report provides key performance indicators on the current status of Higher education in the country.

Key Facts

• In the last five years from 2015-16 to 2019-20 there has been a growth of 11.4% in the student enrolment.
  • The rise in female enrolment in higher education during the period is 18.2%. 
  • Government focus on education of girls, women empowerment and empowerment of socially backward classes reflected by the increased participation of women, SCs and STs population in Higher Education.
• This report is the 10th in the series of All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) annually released by D/o Higher Education.

All India Survey on Higher Education Report 2019-20

1. Total Enrolment
   • Higher Education stands at 3.85 crore in 2019-20 as compared to 3.74 crore in 2018-19
   • Registering a growth of 11.36 lakh (3.04 %).
   • Total enrolment was 3.42 crore in 2014-15.
2. Gross Enrolment Ratio
   • The percentage of students belonging to the eligible age group enrolled in Higher Education in 2019-20 is 27.1%
   • It was 26.3% in 2018-19 and 24.3% in 2014-2015.
3. Gender Parity Index (GPI)
   • Higher Education in 2019-20 is 1.01 against 1.00 in 2018-19
   • This indicating an improvement in the relative access to higher education for females of eligible age group compared to males.
4. Pupil Teacher Ratio
   • The ration in Higher Education in 2019-20 is 26.
   • In 2019-20 Universities : 1,043(2%);
   • Colleges: 42,343(77%);
   • Stand-alone institutions: 11,779(21%);
5. Major discipline
   • 3.38 crore Students enrolled in programmes at under-graduate and post-graduate level.
   • Out of these nearly 85% of the students (2.85 crore) were enrolled in the six major disciplines
     • These are Humanities, Science, Commerce, Engineering & Technology, Medical Science and IT & Computer.
6. The number of students pursuing PhD in 2019-20 is 2.03 lakh against 1.17 lakh in 2014-15.
7. Total Number of Teachers stands at 15,03,156 comprising of 57.5% male and 42.5% female.

NEP2020 and Higher Education

• NEP aims to increase gross enrolment ratio in higher education (including vocational education) to 50 per cent by 2035.
  • GER is currently 27.1 per cent (2020 figures).
• About 3.5 crore new seats will be added to higher  education institutions.
• The policy envisages broad-based, multidisciplinary, holistic undergraduate education  system.
• It allowing creative combinations of subjects and integration of vocational education with mainstream education.
• Higher Education Commission of India (HECI)
  • There will be a single overarching  umbrella body  for entire higher education excluding medical and legal education.
  • HECI will have four independent verticals :
    1. National Higher Education Regulatory Council  (NHERC) for regulation
    2. General Education Council (GEC ) for standard setting
    3. Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC) for funding
    4. National Accreditation Council (NAC) for accreditation
• The National Research Foundation
  • It will be created as an apex body for fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education.
• National Curriculum Framework for  Teacher Education, NCFTE 2021
  • A new and comprehensive under formulated by the NCTE in consultation with NCERT.
  • A national mission for mentoring will be established with a large pool of outstanding senior/retired faculty
• Efforts made to incentivise the merits of students belonging to SC, ST, OBC and other Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Groups (SEDGs).
• The National Scholarship Portal
  • Will be expanded to support, foster and track the progress of students receiving scholarships.
• Autonomous body, the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF)
  • Will be created to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology
  • It aims to enhance learning, assessment, planning, administration.
• To ensure the preservation, growth, and vibrancy of all Indian languages, NEP recommends setting an
  • Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation (IITI)
  • National Institute (or Institutes) for Pali, Persian and Prakrit, strengthening of Sanskrit and all language departments in HEIs. 

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