International Migrant Workers Report By ILO
Source : ILO
Human Resource

What is discuss under International Migrant Workers Report By ILO ?

1. Details in the Report
2. International Labour Standards on Migrant workers

Why in News ?

New report by International Labour Organization (ILO) Global Estimates on International Migrant Workers : Results and Methodology released recently.

• It shows that in 2019 international migrant workers constituted nearly five per cent of the global labour force.
• This making them an integral part of the world economy.

Key Facts

• The number of international migrant workers globally has risen to 169 million.

  

• The share of youth migrant workers (aged 15-24) has also increased, by almost 2 per cent, or 3.2 million, since 2017.
• Related risk
  • Many migrant workers are often in temporary informal or unprotected jobs.
  • This expose them to a greater risk of insecurity, layoffs and worsening working conditions.
  • The COVID-19 crisis has intensified these vulnerabilities particularly for women migrant workers and have limited access to social protection and fewer options for support services.
• Majority of migrant workers
  • Two-thirds of international migrant workers are concentrated in high-income countries.
  • Of the 169 million international migrant workers, 63.8 million (37.7 per cent) are in Europe and Central Asia.
  • 43.3 million (25.6 per cent) are in the Americas.
  • Arab States, and Asia and the Pacific each host about 24 million migrant workers, which, in total, correspond to 28.5 per cent of all migrant workers.
  • In Africa there are 13.7 million migrant workers, representing 8.1 per cent of the total.
  • Majority of workers 99 million are men, while 70 million are women.
• Women Issue
  • Women face more socio-economic obstacles as migrant workers.
  • They are more likely to migrate as accompanying family members for reasons other than finding work.
  • They can experience gender discrimination in employment and may lack networks.
• Youth representation in the work force
  • Share of youth among international migrant workers has increased, from 8.3 per cent in 2017 to 10.0 per cent in 2019.
  • This increase is likely to be related to high youth unemployment rates in many developing countries.
  • The large majority of migrant workers (86.5 per cent) remain prime-age adults (aged 25–64).
• Sector wise status
  • Majority delivering essential jobs in critical sectors like health care, transportation, services, agriculture and food processing.
  • 66.2 per cent of migrant workers are in services, 26.7 per cent in industry and 7.1 per cent in agriculture.
  • Men migrant workers are more present in industry.

International Labour Standards on Migrant workers

ILO standards on migration provide tools for both countries of origin and of destination to manage migration flows and ensure adequate protection for this vulnerable category of workers.

• Migration for Employment Convention
  • Ratifying states to facilitate international migration for employment by establishing and maintaining a free assistance and information service for migrant workers.
  • Also taking measures against misleading propaganda relating to emigration and immigration.
  • Includes provisions on appropriate medical services for migrant workers and the transfer of earnings and savings. 
  • States should porovide at par in respect to a number of matters, including conditions of employment, freedom of association and social security.
• Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention
  • Measures to combat illegal migration while at the same time setting forth the general obligation to respect the basic human rights of all migrant workers.
  • Extends the scope of equality between legally resident migrant workers and national workers.
  • It is to ensure equality of opportunity and treatment in respect of employment and occupation, social security, trade union and cultural rights, and individual and collective freedoms for persons.

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