All India Quota Scheme : Reservation 27% OBCs and 10% EWS UPSC
Source : The Hindu
Human Resource/Vulnerable Section
What is discussed under All India Quota Scheme : Reservation 27% OBCs and 10% EWS UPSC ?
- About the Decision
- About All India Quota
- Introduction of EWS Category
- Seats in Medical Education
Why in News ?
Historic and a landmark decision for providing 27% reservation for OBCs and 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Section (EWS) in the All India Quota (AIQ) Scheme for undergraduate and postgraduate medical / dental courses (MBBS / MD / MS / Diploma / BDS / MDS) from the current academic year 2021-22 onwards.
Key Facts
- Directed the concerned Union Ministries to facilitate an effective solution to this long pending issue.
- This decision would benefit every year nearly 1500 OBC students in MBBS and 2500 OBC students in post graduation
- Also around 550 EWS students in MBBS and around 1000 EWS students in post-graduation.
Photo by Tim Mossholder on Unsplash - Being a Central Scheme, the Central List of OBCs shall be used for this reservation.
- About All India Quota
- All India Quota (AIQ) Scheme was introduced in 1986 under the directions of the Hon’ble Supreme Court.
- Aims to provide for domicile-free merit based opportunities to students from any State to aspire to study in a good medical college located in another State.
- All India Quota consists of 15% of total available UG seats and 50% of total available PG seats in government medical colleges.
- Initially, there was no reservation in AIQ Scheme up to 2007.
- In 2007 the Hon’ble Supreme Court introduced reservation of 15% for SCs and 7.5% for STs in the AIQ Scheme.
- When the Central Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act became effective in 2007 providing for uniform 27% reservation to OBCs, the same was implemented in all the Central Educational Institutions.
- However, this was not extended to the AIQ seats of State medical and dental colleges.
- Introduction of EWS Category
- To provide benefit to students belonging to EWS category in admission to higher educational Institutions, a Constitutional amendment was made in 2019.
- This amendment enabled the provision of 10% reservation for EWS category.
- Accordingly, seats in medical / dental colleges were increased over two years in 2019-20 and 2020-21 to accommodate this additional 10% EWS reservation so that the total number of seats available for unreserved category do not reduce.
- In the AIQ seats, however, this benefit had not been extended so far.
- With this latest decision 10% reservation for EWS is also being extended in AIQ seats for all the undergraduate / postgraduate medical/dental courses from the current academic year 2021-22.
- Seats in Medical Education
- MBBS Seats in the country have increased by 56% from 54,348 seats in 2014 to 84,649 seats in 2020.
- The number of PG seats have increased by 80% from 30,191seats in 2014 to 54,275 seats in 2020.
- During the same period, 179 new medical colleges have been established and now the country has 558 (Govt: 289, Pvt: 269) medical colleges.
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