Current Affairs 03 September 2022 – IAS Current Affairs

Current Affairs 03 September 2022 focuses on Prelims-Mains perspective. Major events are :

G20 Education Ministers’ Meeting

Source: Hindustan Times
GS II: International Relation

What is discussed under G20 Education Ministers’ Meeting?

1. Key highlights of the G20 education ministers’ meeting
2. National Education Policy 2020
3. Salient features of the NEP 2020
4. What is G20 or Group of Twenty?

Why in News?

• The union minister of education and skill development attended the fourth meeting of the G20’s education working group (EdWG) and the gathering of education ministers.
• The conference was held in Bali between August 31 and September 1, 2022.

Key Highlights of the G20 Education Ministers’ Meeting

• Theme: Recovery, Re-imagine and Rebuild Stronger
• India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 serves as a road map for advancing possibilities for lifelong learning and fulfilling the G20’s shared goal.
• India emphasised the fast steps it has taken to implement NEP 2020, create a more robust and inclusive education and skilling ecosystem, and unlock the creative potential of every learner.
• In order to improve learning outcomes, India is placing a lot of attention on:
  • Formalising early childhood care and education
  • Helping children with disabilities
  • Promoting digital and multimodal learning
  • Providing flexible entry-exit pathways
  • Merging education with skills
• In order to broaden the scope of education and also to make education equal and accessible, India has:
  • Operationalized virtual schools
  • Putting up digital universities
  • Has 260+ TV channels dedicated to education in numerous Indian languages
• NEP 2020 has prepared the way for the internationalisation of education in the country.
• India is welcome foreign institutions to establish campuses in Ahmedabad.
• The G20 EdWG’s potential should be utilised if education is to serve as the engine of global growth.
• The G20 Education Group has established an agenda that takes into account the difficulties and extraordinary developments that have occurred in a global institutional framework.
• India is still committed to working with the G20 to improve education systems so that everyone may rebuild and recover quickly.

National Education Policy 2020

• The National Policy on Education was framed in 1986 and modified in 1992.
• The National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986, which had been in place for 34 years, was replaced with the NEP 2020, the first education policy of the twenty-first century.
• It is founded on the fundamental values of:
  • Access
  • Equity
  • Quality
  • Affordability
  • Accountability
• It aspires to make school and college education more comprehensive, flexible, multidisciplinary, appropriate for the needs of the 21st century
• Focusses on bringing out each student’s distinct qualities in order to transform India into a thriving knowledge society and worldwide knowledge superpower.

Salient features of the NEP 2020

• School education
  • Ensuring universal access at all levels of school education

    

  • Early childhood care & education with new curricular and pedagogical structure
  • Attaining foundational literacy and numeracy
  • Reforms in school curricula and pedagogy
  • Multilingualism and the power of language
  • Equitable and inclusive education
  • Robust teacher recruitment and career path
  • Standard-setting and accreditation for school education
  • School governance

• Higher education
  • Increase gross enrolment ratio (GER) to 50% by 2035
  • Holistic multidisciplinary education
  • Rationalised institutional architecture
  • Motivated, energized, and capable faculty
  • Teacher education
  • Mentoring mission
  • Financial support for students
  • Open and distance learning
  • Online education and digital education
  • Technology in education
  • Promotion of Indian languages
  • Professional education
  • Adult education
  • Financing education

What is G20 or Group of Twenty?

• The G20 was established in 1999 with the purpose of exploring strategies to ensure global financial stability.
• It is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries and the European Union (EU).
• The members of the G20 are:
  • Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union.
• Spain is also invited as a permanent guest.
• G-20 promotes global economic growth, international trade, and regulation of financial markets.
• It is not a legislative body but its discussions influence monetary policy in each of its member nations.
• Trade wars, food security, and cryptocurrencies have all recently been on the G-20 agenda.
• Every year, the G20 alternates its presidency among the members.
• To maintain the agenda, the country in the presidency collaborates with its predecessor and successor, collectively known as the Troika.
• Italy, Indonesia, and India make up the Troika now.

Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana

Source: PIB
GS II: Policies and Developmental Studies

What is discussed under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana?

1. What is Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana?
2. Key components of the scheme
3. PMKVY 1.0 (2015-2016)
4. PMKVY 2.0 (2016-2020)
5. PMKVY 1.0 (2020-2021)

Why in News?

Under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, around 3 lakhs women have been trained between 2017 and 2022.

What is Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana?

• Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) is the flagship programme of the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE).
• National Skill Development Corporation is in charge of its implementation.
• The goal of this skill certification scheme is to make it possible for young Indians to enrol in industry-relevant skill training that will improve their chances of getting a better living.
• Skill training is done based on the National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF) and industry led standards.

Key components of the scheme

• Short-term training
• Recognition of prior learning
• Special projects
• Kaushal and rozgar mela
• Placement assistance
• Continuous monitoring
• Standardized branding and communication

PMKVY 1.0 (2015-2016)

• PMKVY 1.0 is known as the pilot PMKVY.
• Objective:
  • To promote skill development in the nation by offering free, brief skill training.
  • To promote the engagement of local youths in local jobs by offering short-term vocational training.
  • Motivating individuals by offering financial benefits for skill certification.
• During this phase, 19.85 lakhs candidates were trained.

PMKVY 2.0 (2016-2020)

• Objective:
  • To expand into new industries, geographical areas, and to better correlate with other initia

    

    tives like MAKE IN INDIA, DIGITAL INDIA, SWATCH BHARAT, etc.

  • To motivate young people to increase their skills so that they would be more employable in light of the industrial and digital labour market need.
  • Encourage standardization of the Certification process and put in place the foundation for creating a registry of skills.
• A goal of training one crore people was set when the initiative was launched and 1.09 crore youths have been trained.
• Budget was Rs. 12,000 crore.

PMKVY 3.0 (2020-2021)

• With increasing responsibility and support from States/UTs and Districts, PMKVY 3.0 will be executed in a more decentralised manner, using the lessons learned from PMKVY 1.0 and PMKVY 2.0.
• Under the direction of State Skill Development Missions (SSDM), District Skill Committees (DSCs) will play a crucial part in bridging the skill gap and determining demand at the district level.
• In order to meet the goals of Atmanirbhar Bharat, the new programme will place a greater emphasis on learners and trainees.
•  Objective:
  • To benefit over 08 lakh candidates in FY 2020-2021 with a budget of INR 948.90 crores targeting the youth under the age group of 15-45 years.
  • A demand-based approach lead PMKVY 3.0, which previously focused on a supply-based approach.
  • Majorly focussed on upskilling/reskilling on future skills (industry 4.0) courses to increase productivity of existing workforce and provide online/digital mode of training for wider coverage in the wake of disruption caused by COVID-19 and resultant impact on livelihood.
• Implementation through two components:
  • A Central Component that carried out by the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC), the Directorate General of Training (DGT), and other Central Ministries agencies
  • State Component that carried out by the State Skill Development Missions (SSDMs)/relevant Departments of the States/UTs.
• Three categories of skill training offered across India:
  • Short Term Training (STT)
  • Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
  • Special Project (SP)

IMF Bailout to Sri Lanka

Source: Indian Express
GS II: International Relation

What is discussed under IMF Bailout to Sri Lanka?

1. Economic crisis in Sri Lanka
2. Objectives of Sri Lanka’s 17th with the fund
3. Key highlights of the bailout

Why in News?

• The IMF has authorised a USD 2.9 billion bailout loan to Sri Lanka to aid in the country’s struggling economy.
• The IMF has conducted negotiations with Sri Lanka for a week before approving the bailout.
• The restoration of macroeconomic stability and debt sustainability is the main goal of the IMF’s bailout agreement for Sri Lanka.

Economic Crisis in Sri Lanka