Current Affairs 31 October 2022 – IAS Current Affairs

Current Affairs 31 October 2022 focuses on Prelims-Mains perspective. Major events are :

World Tuberculosis Report 2022: WHO

Source: Hindustan Times
GS II: Policies and Developmental Studies

What is discussed under World Tuberculosis Report 2022: WHO?

1. Key Findings of the Report

Why in News?

According to the World Health Organization’s 2022 Global TB report, 10.6 million persons worldwide had TB diagnoses in 2021, up 4.5% from 2020, and 1.6 million patients died from the bacterial illness.

Key Findings of the Report

• India, with 28% of cases, was one of the eight nations that accounted for more than two-thirds (or 68.3%) of all TB patients worldwide.
• China (7.4%), the Philippines (7%), Pakistan (5.8%), Nigeria (4.4%), Bangladesh (3.6%), and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2.9%) were the other nations.
• Indonesia (9.2% instances) was next.
• In addition to having TB, 187,000 people also have HIV (human immunodeficiency virus).
• India alone was responsible for 36% of TB fatalities among HIV-negative persons worldwide, accounting for over 82% of all such deaths.
• With 450,000 new instances of rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) being reported in 2021, the burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) grew by 3% worldwide between 2020 and 2021.
• For the first time in a lot of years, an increase in the number of cases of both TB and DR-TB has been noted; specialists ascribe this to the current Covid-19 epidemic.
• The Covid-19 epidemic in 2021 interrupted various services, including TB services, but it had an especially negative effect on the TB response.
• Many people with the bacterial disease were undiagnosed and untreated as a result of ongoing difficulties in delivering and gaining access to crucial TB services.
• A reported 5.8 million persons had a new TB diagnosis in 2020, down from 7.1 million in 2019. 6.4 million people saw a partial recovery in 2021, although this was still far below pre-pandemic levels.
• India was one of the three nations, along with Indonesia and the Philippines, that contributed 67% of the total worldwide decrease in 2020.
• They made some progress in 2021, but they were still responsible for 60% of the global decline from 2019 to 2021.
• Ten nations were responsible for 75% of the global discrepancy between predicted TB incidence and the reported number of new cases.
• India (24%), Indonesia (13%), the Philippines (10%), Pakistan (6.6%), and Nigeria (6.3%) were the top five contributors.

GARUDA – VII

Source: PIB
GS II: Policies and Developmental Studies; GS III: National Security and Challenges

What is discussed under GARUDA – VII?

1. Key Highlights of the Bilateral Exercise
2. About the Bilateral Exercise
3. Other Bilateral Exercises
4. Types of Military Exercises in India

Why in News?

At Air Force Station Jodhpur, the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the French Air and Space Force (FASF) are taking part in the bilateral exercise Garuda VII from October 26 to November 12, 2022.

Key Highlights of the Bilateral Exercise

• Four Rafale fighter aircraft, one A-330 Multi Role Tanker Transport (MRTT), and 220 people will all take part in this exercise for FASF.

  

• Su-30 MKI, Rafale, LCA Tejas, Jaguar, Light Combat Helicopter (LCH), and Mi-17 helicopters from the IAF are taking part in the exercise.
• Combat-enabling assets including AWACS, AEW&C, and flight refuelling aircraft will also be part of the IAF contingent.
• This collaborative exercise will give both nations a platform to improve operational capacity and interoperability while also exchanging best practices.

About the Bilateral Exercise

• These exercises are conducted between two countries
• The bilateral exercise is currently in its seventh edition.
• At the Air Force Stations at Gwalior, Kalaikunda, and Jodhpur, respectively, the first, third, and fifth editions were held in India in 2003, 2006, and 2014, respectively.
• In France, the second, fourth, and sixth editions took place in 2005, 2010, and 2019.
• The IAF and FASF’s participation in this exercise will foster professional engagement, experience sharing, and the improvement of operational expertise, in addition to fostering closer bilateral ties between the two nations.

Other Bilateral Exercises

Women’s Representation in Parliament

Source: Indian Express
GS I: Sociology

What is discussed under Women’s Representation in Parliament?

1. Key Highlights
2. Indian Scenario

Why in News?

A majority of parliamentarians in New Zealand are women for the first time in its history.

Key Highlights

• The liberal Labour Party’s Soraya Peke-Mason took the place of outgoing Speaker Trevor Mallard in the Parliament on Tuesday after she left to serve as ambassador to Ireland.

  

• As a result of another male lawmaker’s departure, there are now 60 women and 59 males in parliament.
• According to the Inter-Parliamentary Union, the achievement positions New Zealand among the twelve countries worldwide that can this year claim at least 50% female representation in their parliaments.
• Cuba, Mexico, Nicaragua, Rwanda, and the United Arab Emirates are other countries.
• According to the union, around 26% of lawmakers worldwide are women.
  In New Zealand, women have always had a lot of influence.
• It was the first country to grant women the right to vote in 1893.
• Jacinda Ardern, the country’s third female prime minister, is one of several prominent positions that women now occupy, including governor-general and chief judge of the Supreme Court of New Zealand.
• In New Zealand, women weren’t allowed to compete in parliament until 1919. In 1933, Elizabeth McCombs was elected as the first MP in New Zealand.
• When mixed-member proportional representation became the new voting method in 1996, female participation increased.
• A South Pacific country called New Zealand has roughly 5 million citizens.

Indian Scenario

• According to data gathered by the IPU, of which India is a member, women make up 14.44% of all Lok Sabha members.
• According to the Election Commission of India’s (ECI) most recent data, 10.5% of the Parliament’s total MPs are women as of October 2021.
• With a national average of a pitiful 9%, the situation for women Members of Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in all state assemblies in India is much worse.
• Women’s representation in Lok Sabha has not even risen 10% in the past 75 years of independence.

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