Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023
Source : The Hindu
GS III : Economy

Overview

1. About Global Multidimensional Poverty Index
2. Findings in the report
3. India in the report
4. How India fight against Poverty(Schemes)?

Why in News ?

Recently, the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2023 has been released.

About Global Multidimensional Poverty Index

• Since 2010, it has been produced jointly by the
  1. Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) of the University of Oxford

     

  2. Human Development Report Office (HDRO) of the United Nations Development Programme.
• In order to enlighten and speed up efforts to eradicate poverty in all of its manifestations, it describes how pervasive poverty is across the world.
• It offers insights into the lives of the poor, their plight, and how severe their poverty is.
• It gathers information from 110 developing nations representing 6.1 billion people, or 92 percent of the world’s population.
• It provides a critical viewpoint on SDG 1, which is to defeat the biggest global challenge: eradicating poverty in all of its manifestations.
•  It has been published annually by OPHI and in the HDRs ever since.
• MDI enables comparisons between nations and world regions as well as between nations by ethnicity, urban/rural location, subnational region, age group, and other crucial family and community traits.

Findings in the report

• 485 million poor people live in severe poverty across 110 countries
  • Experiencing 50–100% of weighted deprivations.
  • Over 18% people are estimated to live in acute multidimensional poverty.
• 99 million poor people experience deprivations in all three dimensions (70–100% of weighted deprivations).
• 10 million of the 12 million poor people with the highest deprivation scores (90–100%) live in SubSaharan Africa.
• Children
  • Half of the 1.1 billion poor people (566 million) are children under 18 years of age.
• Region
  • 84% of all poor people live in rural areas.
  • Rural areas are poorer than urban areas in every world region.

Why they are poor?

1. Undernourishment
2. People do not have adequate sanitation, housing or cooking fuel.
   • It constitute 824–991 million out of the 1.1 billion poor people
3.  Education
   • Around half of poor people do not have a single member of their household except Europe and Central Asia
   • It is below six years of schooling

India in the report

• Within 15 years, 25 nations, including India, effectively cut their worldwide MPI values in half, demonstrating that quick advancement is possible.
• Incidence fell from 55.1 percent to 16.4 percent.
• The poorest nations and populations including kids and members of oppressed castes made the greatest absolute gains.
• India’s child mortality fell from 4.5% to 1.5%.
• Depriviation of cooking fuel fell from 52.9% to 13.9%.
• Electricity from 29 to 2.1 and housing from 44.9 to 13.6.
• Nutrition indicator declined from 44.3% in 2005-06 to 11.8% in 2019-21

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