Project Tiger
GS III
Overview
- Why Project Tiger?
- Launch of Project Tiger
- What is the Aim?
- What is St. Petersberg Declaration on Tiger Conservation?
Why Project Tiger?
- Indian tiger population at the end of the 20th century was estimated at 20,000 to 40,000 individuals.
- The first country-wide tiger census conducted in 1972 estimated the population to comprise a little more than 1,800 individuals, an alarming reduction in tiger population.
- Poaching of Tiger
- Skin and Bones: Tiger trafficking analysis from January 2000 to June 2022,” showed a total of 3,330 tigers were illegally confiscated globally during this timeframe.
- Along with claws and fangs, tiger skin is the portion of the animal that is most in demand.
- According to the research, 42% of the claws and teeth and 38% of the tiger skins collected worldwide were found in India.
- In recent days poachers are also looking for innovative ways to hunt down tigers.
Launch of Project Tiger
- In 1973, Project Tiger was launched in the Palamau Tiger Reserve, and various tiger reserves were created in the country based on a
Photo by Rohit Khilnani on Unsplash ‘corebuffer’ strategy.
- India has more than 80 national parks and 441 Sanctuaries of which some have been declared as Tiger reserves.
- Tiger reserves are governed by the Project Tiger (1973).
- It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
- It is under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
- It is administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority.
What is the Aim?
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- Protect tigers from extinction by ensuring a viable population in their natural habitats.
- Government has set up a Tiger Protection Force under PT to combat poachers.
- PT funds relocation of villagers to minimize human-tiger conflicts.
What is St. Petersberg Declaration on Tiger Conservation?
- At an international tiger forum held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in November 2010, the presidents of 13 nations with tigers as their national animals approved this resolution.
- It sought to spread awareness about the protection of white tigers and advance a global framework to safeguard tigers’ natural habitats.
- The Global Tiger Recovery Programme, which was created to carry out the resolution.
- Its main objective to increase the population of wild tigers from 3,200 to more than 7,000 by the year 2022.
- Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Thailand, and Vietnam are the 13 nations that make up the Tiger Range Countries.
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