6th Census Report on Minor Irrigation (MI) Schemes
Source: PIB
GS II: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation
Overview
- About the Minor Irrigation (MI) schemes
- About the survey
- Key Facts in the Survey
Why in the News?
The Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation recently released the report on the 6th census on Minor Irrigation (MI) schemes.
About the Minor Irrigation (MI) schemes
- MI schemes are those structures either in ground water or in surface water category that have Culturable Command Area (CCA) of up to 2,000 Hectares.
- Minor irrigation schemes are classified into two major categories and six sub-categories.
- Ground Water (GW) schemes encompass dugwells, shallow tube wells, medium tube wells, and deep tube wells.
- Surface Water (SW) schemes consist of surface flow and surface lift schemes.
About the survey
- A Census of MI schemes is being conducted for effective planning and policy-making in this sector.
- Five censuses were conducted in 1986-87, 1993-94, 2000-01, 2006-07 and 2013-14 respectively.
- The census was conducted under the centrally sponsored scheme “Irrigation Census”.
- Parameters collected: irrigation sources, irrigation potential created (IPC), potential utilized, ownership, holding size of land by owner, devices used for lifting water, sources of energy, energy conserving devices, use of non-conventional energy sources.
- Irrigation sources included- dug wells, shallow tube well, medium tube well, deep tube well, surface flow, and surface lift schemes.
Key Facts in the Survey
- 23.14 million minor irrigation (MI) schemes are present in the country, out of which 94.8% are Ground Water (GW) and 5.2% are Surface Water (SW) schemes.
- The largest number of MI schemes: Uttar Pradesh > Maharashtra > Madhya Pradesh > Tamil Nadu.
- Dug wells have the highest share in MI schemes followed by shallow tube wells, medium tube wells, and deep tube wells.
- GW and SW schemes:
- The GW schemes comprise dugwells, shallow tube wells, medium tube wells, and deep tube wells.
- The SW schemes comprise surface flow and surface lift schemes.
- Leading States in GW schemes are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana.
- Leading States in SW schemes are Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, Odisha, and Jharkhand.
- Both GW and SW schemes have increased by 6.9% and 1.2%, in India respectively.
- Individually owned schemes
- First time, the information about the gender of the owner of the MI scheme was collected in the case of individual ownership.
- Out of all the individually owned schemes, 18.1% are owned by women.
- Finance of MI scheme:
- Around 60.2% of schemes have a single source of finance whereas 39.8% of schemes have more than one source of finance, with a maximum (79.5%) of being financed by individual farmers.
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