Why in News ?
Household Social Consumption Report: Education in India as part of 75th round of National Sample Survey – from July 2017 to June 2018’ provides for state-wise detail of literacy rate among the persons aged seven years and above.
Details of Household Social Consumption Report
- With 96.2 per cent literacy, Kerala has once again emerged as the most literate state in the country.
- Andhra Pradesh at the bottom with a rate of 66.4 per cent.
- Delhi has the best literacy rate at 88.7 per cent among the Union Territory.
- The last four states are Rajasthan is the second worst performer with literacy rate at 69.7 per cent, followed by Bihar at 70.9 per cent, Telangana at 72.8 per cent, Uttar Pradesh at 73 per cent and Madhya Pradesh at 73.7 per cent.
- Overall literacy rate in the country at about 77.7 per cent
- Rural areas, the literacy rate is 73.5 per cent
- 87.7 per cent in urban areas of the country.
- A huge difference of 14 per cent
- Male female difference
- Male literacy rate is higher at 84.7.
- Women at 70.3 percent.
- A difference of 14 percent
- Male literacy rate is higher than female literacy rate among all states.
- There was a considerable gap in male and female literacy rate even in worst performing state.
- In Kerala, the male literacy rate is 97.4 per cent compared to 95.2 per cent among females.
- Computer in a households
- 4 percent of rural households
- 23 per cent of urban household
- Himachal Pradesh and Kerala are the only other States where more than half of all households have Internet.
- Ten other States with less than 20% Internet penetration, including States Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
- 15% of rural households have access to internet services. For urban households, the proportion is 42%.
- The survey conducted in 64,519 rural households from 8,097 villages and 49,238 urban households from 6,188.
What are the concerns ?
There are some major challenges in the survey through lights
- Rural Urban divide in the country
- Urban places are far better equipped with educational facilities.
- Lack of adequate number of schools in rural areas.
- Over dependency in Agriculture.
- Primitive method of teaching in rural areas.
- Lack of well trained teacher and infrastructure backwardness.
- Male-Female difference
- Social discrimination
- Financial burden over the family
- Occupation of Women in the domestic task
- Women also have highest drop out rate
- Computer and Internet in a households.
- This severely impact the dream of digital economy.
- Access to electricity is crucial for digital education.
- Gender divide in internet usage is also an issue.
- for digital e-learning was reduced to Rs 469 crore from Rs 604 crore in 2019-’20.
About National Sample Survey Office
- National Sample Survey Office(NSSO) is setup to carry out surveys on socio-economic, demographic, agricultural and industrial subjects for collecting data from house holds and from enterprises located in villages and in the towns.
- Since 1999 it is under the newly created Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation(MOSPI).
- The NSSO has four divisions
- Survey Design and Research (SDR)
- Field Operations Division (FOD)
- Data Processing
- Economic Analysis.
- It provide provide statistical and other information for the purpose of state or national planning and policy requirements.
- Collect and publish information which will be of use to those engaged in economic activities in the country.
- Conduct large scale sample surveys on subjects like household consumer expenditure, employment and unemployment, health and medical services etc.
Source : The Hindu
Topic
Prelims : About Survey, NSO
GS II : Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources
Current Affairs Compilation : 9 September 2020